A detailed timeline of Terra's journey from its underdog start as a payments app in South Korea to a $60 billion crypto ecosystem to one of the biggest failures in crypto.buy a home, get a car, have his children go to school. It’s all collapsed. Title screen Requiem For The American Dream Chomsky: Imagine yourself in an outside position, looking from Mars. What do you see? In the United States, there are professed values like democracy. In a democracy, public opinion is going to have some influence on policy.The south tower collapsed 47 minutes after impact, the north tower 1 hour 44 minutes after impact. The elapsed times show that the impacts were not the proximate cause of collapse; the strong building easily withstood them. When even one corner of a floor was weakened and fell, the collapse would soon propagate around theThese passages in the Constitution made which of the following statements true at that time? Only gold coins were accepted. In the 20th century, the Soviet Union collapsed because its command-and-control economy couldn't keep up with the West's free market. In the 21st century, the same fate will befall companies whose CEOs [chief executive ... Scientists. v. t. e. The many-worlds interpretation ( MWI) is an interpretation of quantum mechanics that asserts that the universal wavefunction is objectively real, and that there is no wave function collapse. [2] This implies that all possible outcomes of quantum measurements are physically realized in some "world" or universe. [3]25 percent of the labor force, the stock market lost 80 percent of its value and some 7,000 banks failed. At the store, the price of chicken fell from 38 cents a pound to 12 cents, the price of eggs dropped from 50 cents a dozen to just over 13 cents, and the price of gasoline fell from 10 cents a gallon to less than a nickel. 25 percent of the labor force, the stock market lost 80 percent of its value and some 7,000 banks failed. At the store, the price of chicken fell from 38 cents a pound to 12 cents, the price of eggs dropped from 50 cents a dozen to just over 13 cents, and the price of gasoline fell from 10 cents a gallon to less than a nickel.Jul 4, 2023 · Dead space represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange. The two types of dead space are anatomical dead space and physiologic dead space. Anatomical dead space is represented by the volume of air that fills the conducting zone of respiration made up by the nose, trachea, and bronchi. This volume is considered to be 30% of normal tidal volume (500 mL ... What the unfolding of Covid-19 in the United States makes more palpable, among other things, is that the family—as the property logic and mode of social reproduction central to capitalism—is ...Nov 13, 2019 · In 2008, Zimbabwe had the second highest incidence of hyperinflation on record. The estimated inflation rate for Nov 2008 was 79,600,000,000%. That is effectively a daily inflation rate of 98.0. Roughly every day, prices would double. It was also a time of real hardship and poverty, with an unemployment rate of close to 80% and a virtual ... These passages in the Constitution made which of the following statements true at that time? Only gold coins were accepted. In the 20th century, the Soviet Union collapsed because its command-and-control economy couldn't keep up with the West's free market. In the 21st century, the same fate will befall companies whose CEOs [chief executive ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like In _________ nations, the cost of fish is cheaper compared to meat and poultry., Which of the following technological advances has aided the global collapse of fisheries? A) steam engines B) flash freezing C) trawler ships D) All of the above., True or False: Increased human demand for fish has contributed to the collapse of ... The concept of tipping points was introduced by the IPCC 20 years ago, but then it was thought they would only occur if global warming reached 5°C. Recent IPCC assessments, however, suggested that tipping points could be reached between 1°C and 2°C of warming. Here are the major climate tipping points.Mar 29, 2014 · Abstract. Pneumothorax-either spontaneous or iatrogenic-is commonly encountered in pulmonary medicine. While secondary pneumothorax is caused by an underlying pulmonary disease, the spontaneous type occurs in healthy individuals without obvious cause. The British Thoracic Society (BTS, 2010) and the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP ... Nazi Germany [h], officially known as the German Reich [i] until 1943, later the Greater German Reich [j], was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship . Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Historically, companies that distribute services like radio, cable, and the Internet tend to stay away from producing actual content like music and movies., A monopoly exists when a small number of firms control an industry, either nationally or locally., An oligopoly exists when there is a lot of variety in the number of sellers ... Feb 15, 2023 · A pneumothorax is a collection of air outside the lung but within the pleural cavity. It occurs when air accumulates between the parietal and visceral pleurae inside the chest. The air accumulation can apply pressure on the lung and make it collapse. The degree of collapse determines the clinical presentation of pneumothorax. Air can enter the pleural space by two mechanisms, either by trauma ... The Concept of ―Collapsed Electrodes‖ for Glassblown Spherical Resonators Demonstrating 200:1 Aspect Ratio Gap Definition Joan Giner and Andrei M. Shkel MicroSystems Laboratory, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA [email protected], [email protected] Abstract—We report a technique for defining high aspectAs described in Chapter 1, the first three links in the chain of survival—early access, early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and early defibrillation—are highly dependent on public engagement for a majority of cardiac arrest events. Under these circumstances, individuals may be required to provide basic life support, which includes mobilizing the delivery of emergency care (i.e ...The percentage of Americans saying they have 'a great deal' or 'quite a lot' of confidence in U.S. banks is now at its highest point since June 2008, but remains well below its pre-recession level of 41%, measured in June 2007. Between 2007 and 2012, confidence in banks fell by half—20 percentage points." Dead space represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange. The two types of dead space are anatomical dead space and physiologic dead space. Anatomical dead space is represented by the volume of air that fills the conducting zone of respiration made up by the nose, trachea, and bronchi. This volume is considered to be 30% of normal tidal volume (500 mL ...Distrust, anxiety, and anomie are at the root of the 73 percent increase in depression among Americans aged 18 to 25 from 2007 to 2018, and of the shocking rise in suicide. “When we have no one ...In addition, new concepts are explored as well that are likely to become relevant in the future. Such concepts could help explain how network disconnection could lead to complex symptoms like cognitive impairment in MS, shedding further light on what might be going wrong in this complicated and multifactorial network collapse of the MS brain.Nov 11, 2021 · The concept of tipping points was introduced by the IPCC 20 years ago, but then it was thought they would only occur if global warming reached 5°C. Recent IPCC assessments, however, suggested that tipping points could be reached between 1°C and 2°C of warming. Here are the major climate tipping points. Plastic Collapse Mechanism. In a continuous beam, the maximum moment point will occur at the support and at a point of zero shear between the supports. Regarding the strength concepts of plastic analysis, the behavior of an inner span in a continuous beamwill be the same as that of a fixed ended beam. Considering the graphical convenience ...Apr 13, 2018 · 10 Indications That Western Society Is Collapsing. by Sammie Dove. fact checked by Jamie Frater. Western civilization has brought us stirring works of art and beautiful forms of music. It has brought us the concept of representative democracy in which every person is created equal and has equal rights before the law, which has freed countless ... Entropy is one of the few concepts that provide evidence for the existence of time. The “Arrow of Time” is a name given to the idea that time is asymmetrical and flows in only one direction: forward. It is the non-reversible process wherein entropy increases. Astronomer Arthur Eddington pioneered the concept of the Arrow of Time in 1927 ...Jul 3, 2023 · Overall, core decompression has shown good outcomes and is a good option for symptomatic small to medium-sized precollapse lesions; however, it is not indicated when the femoral head has collapsed. Bone grafting is an alternative to treatment of larger size lesions with no early collapse. A detailed timeline of Terra's journey from its underdog start as a payments app in South Korea to a $60 billion crypto ecosystem to one of the biggest failures in crypto.The first contemporary global financial crisis unfolded on October 19, 1987, a day known as “Black Monday,” when the Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped 22.6 percent. Composite of newspaper headlines reporting the Stock Market Crash of 1987 (Associated Press) by Donald Bernhardt and Marshall Eckblad, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.Globalization refers to the technological, political, economic, financial, and cultural exchanges between peoples and nations that have made and continue to make the world a more interconnected and interdependent place. In the business world, this includes increased trade and investment flows, currency exchange, and the rise of multinational ...The south tower collapsed 47 minutes after impact, the north tower 1 hour 44 minutes after impact. The elapsed times show that the impacts were not the proximate cause of collapse; the strong building easily withstood them. When even one corner of a floor was weakened and fell, the collapse would soon propagate around theCollapse. A common perception of "the" Copenhagen interpretation is that an important part of it is the "collapse" of the wave function. [2] In the act of measurement, it is postulated, the wave function of a system can change suddenly and discontinuously. 25 percent of the labor force, the stock market lost 80 percent of its value and some 7,000 banks failed. At the store, the price of chicken fell from 38 cents a pound to 12 cents, the price of eggs dropped from 50 cents a dozen to just over 13 cents, and the price of gasoline fell from 10 cents a gallon to less than a nickel.It is impossible to discuss concepts of collapse and regeneration without taking into account recent heated debates between Jared Diamond and his critics, notably in the book edited by Patricia McAnany and Norman Yoffee . Diamond tends to explain collapses by societal choices that were environmentally unwise; his critics often deny or underplay ... False starts. Many overlook a crucial step in the lean start-up process: researching customer needs before testing products. Like Triangulate, an online dating start-up, they keep rushing to ... Accelerationism is a popular topic in private chat rooms frequented by white supremacist groups like Atomwaffen and The Base. These virtual spaces are full of discussions about steps to take to hasten the ultimate collapse. Atomwaffen articulates a white supremacist ideology rooted in nihilism and accelerationist beliefs.Russia saw slower than predicted economic growth in the first quarter of 2022, signaling that sanctions imposed in response to its Ukraine invasion may have had a greater initial impact than expected.Definition of percentage. The percentage is defined as a portion or number which is mentioned as a quantity out of a hundred. For Instance, it can be said that 1% means, 1 out of 100 or 1/100, but in this regard, 1% per cent of something, for say 1000; means 1/100 of 1000. This turned out as (1/100*1000) =10 per cent.The Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission found that in 2008, GSE loans had a delinquency rate of 6.2 percent, due to their traditional underwriting and qualification requirements, compared with 28. ...The State of Michigan also bears some blame. Lansing politicians reduced Detroit’s state-shared revenue by 48% from 1998 to 2012, withholding $172 million from the city, according to state records.The Russian Empire, also known as Imperial Russia, [e] [f] was the final period of the Russian monarchy from its proclamation in November 1721, until its dissolution in September 1917. It consisted of most of northern Eurasia. The Empire succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad.Mar 29, 2014 · Abstract. Pneumothorax-either spontaneous or iatrogenic-is commonly encountered in pulmonary medicine. While secondary pneumothorax is caused by an underlying pulmonary disease, the spontaneous type occurs in healthy individuals without obvious cause. The British Thoracic Society (BTS, 2010) and the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP ... Distrust, anxiety, and anomie are at the root of the 73 percent increase in depression among Americans aged 18 to 25 from 2007 to 2018, and of the shocking rise in suicide. “When we have no one ...In addition, new concepts are explored as well that are likely to become relevant in the future. Such concepts could help explain how network disconnection could lead to complex symptoms like cognitive impairment in MS, shedding further light on what might be going wrong in this complicated and multifactorial network collapse of the MS brain.Entropy is one of the few concepts that provide evidence for the existence of time. The “Arrow of Time” is a name given to the idea that time is asymmetrical and flows in only one direction: forward. It is the non-reversible process wherein entropy increases. Astronomer Arthur Eddington pioneered the concept of the Arrow of Time in 1927 ...An examination of perception surrounding the concept of “collapse” Systemic I was typing out a response to a post in New regarding the question “Is there actually going to be a collapse?”, but it got deleted before I could finish, so I figured I would share my thoughts here in order to still foster a discussion: 25 percent of the labor force, the stock market lost 80 percent of its value and some 7,000 banks failed. At the store, the price of chicken fell from 38 cents a pound to 12 cents, the price of eggs dropped from 50 cents a dozen to just over 13 cents, and the price of gasoline fell from 10 cents a gallon to less than a nickel. But Greer’s assumption is built on shaky ground because industrial civilization differs from all past civilizations in four crucial ways. And every one of them may accelerate and intensify the coming collapse while increasing the difficulty of recovery. Difference #1: Unlike all previous civilizations, modern industrial civilization is ...Over the next 6 years, this trend picked up pace and the participation rate decreased an additional 3.1 percentage points, to 62.9 percent in 2014. BLS projects that the labor force participation rate will continue to decline, albeit at a slower rate, falling another 2.0 percentage points, to 60.9 percent in 2024. What the unfolding of Covid-19 in the United States makes more palpable, among other things, is that the family—as the property logic and mode of social reproduction central to capitalism—is ...A majority of U.S. adults (57%) say those ages 65 and older will have a worse standard of living in 2050 than they do today. About seven-in-ten (72%) say older adults will be less prepared financially for retirement than their counterparts today. And an even larger share (83%) believes most people will definitely or probably have to work into ...The Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission found that in 2008, GSE loans had a delinquency rate of 6.2 percent, due to their traditional underwriting and qualification requirements, compared with 28. ...· Sentence 1 begins with a concept the reader is likely to be familiar with (questions), and it ends with a new concept (black holes). Good. · But sentence 2 begins with another new concept (the collapse of a dead star), and it ends with a concept that has already been introduced (a black hole).According to the Department of Justice's Bureau of Justice Assistance, "The overwhelming majority (90 to 95 percent) of cases result in plea bargaining." The Role of Judges In some jurisdictions, prosecutors and defendants can work with judges to predetermine what sentence the defendants will get if the defendants accept plea bargains. In most ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like In _________ nations, the cost of fish is cheaper compared to meat and poultry., Which of the following technological advances has aided the global collapse of fisheries? A) steam engines B) flash freezing C) trawler ships D) All of the above., True or False: Increased human demand for fish has contributed to the collapse of ... Messrs Bricker and Ibbitson point to potentially positive consequences of a falling population such as reduced pressure on scarce resources, a decline in environmental damage, and increased ...Plastic Collapse Mechanism. In a continuous beam, the maximum moment point will occur at the support and at a point of zero shear between the supports. Regarding the strength concepts of plastic analysis, the behavior of an inner span in a continuous beamwill be the same as that of a fixed ended beam. Considering the graphical convenience ... The south tower collapsed 47 minutes after impact, the north tower 1 hour 44 minutes after impact. The elapsed times show that the impacts were not the proximate cause of collapse; the strong building easily withstood them. When even one corner of a floor was weakened and fell, the collapse would soon propagate around the Distrust, anxiety, and anomie are at the root of the 73 percent increase in depression among Americans aged 18 to 25 from 2007 to 2018, and of the shocking rise in suicide. “When we have no one ...Jun 3, 2020 · The principle that a child has only one or two real parents goes unchallenged, as does the principle that people should live in atomized car-dependent boxes, each kitted out with its own kitchen ... Smartworks Ch 14. 4.5 (2 reviews) Correct! The two primary effects of special relativity are length contraction and time dilation. This means two observers moving relative to each other will disagree about the lengths and times of objects and events. The fact that muons from cosmic rays make it to Earth's surface before they decay is a specific ...Over the next 6 years, this trend picked up pace and the participation rate decreased an additional 3.1 percentage points, to 62.9 percent in 2014. BLS projects that the labor force participation rate will continue to decline, albeit at a slower rate, falling another 2.0 percentage points, to 60.9 percent in 2024.Nov 11, 2021 · The concept of tipping points was introduced by the IPCC 20 years ago, but then it was thought they would only occur if global warming reached 5°C. Recent IPCC assessments, however, suggested that tipping points could be reached between 1°C and 2°C of warming. Here are the major climate tipping points. The W3C specification defines collapsing margins as follows: “In this specification, the expression collapsing margins means that adjoining margins (no non-empty content, padding, or border ...• Chi Squared Percentage is low • Implies the larger model is better • Chi Squared Percentage is blank if this is not a nested model • AICc went down • Penalized measure of deviance. • Better than deviance to look at Note: BIC is available in EMBLEM but not shown hereScientists. v. t. e. The many-worlds interpretation ( MWI) is an interpretation of quantum mechanics that asserts that the universal wavefunction is objectively real, and that there is no wave function collapse. [2] This implies that all possible outcomes of quantum measurements are physically realized in some "world" or universe. [3] The Concept of ―Collapsed Electrodes‖ for Glassblown Spherical Resonators Demonstrating 200:1 Aspect Ratio Gap Definition Joan Giner and Andrei M. Shkel MicroSystems Laboratory, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA [email protected], [email protected] Abstract—We report a technique for defining high aspectThe concept of “buying on margin” allowed ordinary people with little financial acumen to borrow money from their stockbroker and put down as little as 10 percent of the share value.Aug 30, 2019 · CSMA/CD: Explanation of the process. In a local Ethernet network (IEEE 802.3), all network participants usually meet on a common transmission medium – a cable. This meeting must be regulated to avoid chaos during data transmission, which could lead to data loss or damage. CSMA/CD offers a method that organizes data transmission properly. Nov 23, 2017 · Between 2001 and 2005, a number of decisions were made to attempt to rekindle Nokia’s earlier drive and energy but, far from reinvigorating Nokia, they actually set up the beginning of the decline. Key amongst these decisions was the reallocation of important leadership roles and the poorly implemented 2004 reorganisation into a matrix structure. The Concept of ―Collapsed Electrodes‖ for Glassblown Spherical Resonators Demonstrating 200:1 Aspect Ratio Gap Definition Joan Giner and Andrei M. Shkel MicroSystems Laboratory, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA [email protected], [email protected] Abstract—We report a technique for defining high aspectAs described in Chapter 1, the first three links in the chain of survival—early access, early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and early defibrillation—are highly dependent on public engagement for a majority of cardiac arrest events. Under these circumstances, individuals may be required to provide basic life support, which includes mobilizing the delivery of emergency care (i.e ...Nov 13, 2019 · In 2008, Zimbabwe had the second highest incidence of hyperinflation on record. The estimated inflation rate for Nov 2008 was 79,600,000,000%. That is effectively a daily inflation rate of 98.0. Roughly every day, prices would double. It was also a time of real hardship and poverty, with an unemployment rate of close to 80% and a virtual ... Terms in this set (40) According to the research on self-esteem and security, those who felt ________ were more likely to conform to a norm set than those who felt totally accepted. Although a group of psychiatrists who were asked to predict the results of Milgram's experiment on obedience thought that ________ percent of the subjects would use ...Oct 5, 2020 · Distrust, anxiety, and anomie are at the root of the 73 percent increase in depression among Americans aged 18 to 25 from 2007 to 2018, and of the shocking rise in suicide. “When we have no one ... An examination of perception surrounding the concept of “collapse” Systemic I was typing out a response to a post in New regarding the question “Is there actually going to be a collapse?”, but it got deleted before I could finish, so I figured I would share my thoughts here in order to still foster a discussion: Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like In _________ nations, the cost of fish is cheaper compared to meat and poultry., Which of the following technological advances has aided the global collapse of fisheries? A) steam engines B) flash freezing C) trawler ships D) All of the above., True or False: Increased human demand for fish has contributed to the collapse of ... The demand curve in Figure 3.1 “A Demand Schedule and a Demand Curve” shows the prices and quantities of coffee demanded that are given in the demand schedule. At point A, for example, we see that 25 million pounds of coffee per month are demanded at a price of $6 per pound.the bank of the united states. president andrew jackson caused a depression for martin van buren during his fight with _______ . a wave of overspeculation in the western frontier territories. one of the major causes of the economic down turn of 1819 was _______ . trough.CPR – or Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation – is an emergency lifesaving procedure performed when the heart stops beating. Immediate CPR can double or triple chances of survival after cardiac arrest. The American Heart Association invites you to share our vision: a world where no one dies from cardiac arrest.• Chi Squared Percentage is low • Implies the larger model is better • Chi Squared Percentage is blank if this is not a nested model • AICc went down • Penalized measure of deviance. • Better than deviance to look at Note: BIC is available in EMBLEM but not shown hereAug 25, 2023 · biodiversity loss, also called loss of biodiversity, a decrease in biodiversity within a species, an ecosystem, a given geographic area, or Earth as a whole. Biodiversity, or biological diversity, is a term that refers to the number of genes, species, individual organisms within a given species, and biological communities within a defined geographic area, ranging from the smallest ecosystem to ...
Jun 8, 2020 · The June 2020 Global Economic Prospects describes both the immediate and near-term outlook for the impact of the pandemic and the long-term damage it has dealt to prospects for growth. The baseline forecast envisions a 5.2 percent contraction in global GDP in 2020, using market exchange rate weights—the deepest global recession in decades ... . Aaronpercent27s furniture.com
Nov 11, 2021 · The concept of tipping points was introduced by the IPCC 20 years ago, but then it was thought they would only occur if global warming reached 5°C. Recent IPCC assessments, however, suggested that tipping points could be reached between 1°C and 2°C of warming. Here are the major climate tipping points. Abstract. Pneumothorax-either spontaneous or iatrogenic-is commonly encountered in pulmonary medicine. While secondary pneumothorax is caused by an underlying pulmonary disease, the spontaneous type occurs in healthy individuals without obvious cause. The British Thoracic Society (BTS, 2010) and the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP ...Mar 27, 2021 · Messrs Bricker and Ibbitson point to potentially positive consequences of a falling population such as reduced pressure on scarce resources, a decline in environmental damage, and increased ... Smartworks Ch 14. 4.5 (2 reviews) Correct! The two primary effects of special relativity are length contraction and time dilation. This means two observers moving relative to each other will disagree about the lengths and times of objects and events. The fact that muons from cosmic rays make it to Earth's surface before they decay is a specific ... Impacts of ecological overspending are apparent already in soil erosion, desertification, reduced cropland productivity, overgrazing, deforestation, rapid species extinction, fisheries collapse and increased carbon concentration in the atmosphere. Natural capital constraints also pose a threat to economic performance and economic stability. 2. Collapse. A common perception of "the" Copenhagen interpretation is that an important part of it is the "collapse" of the wave function. [2] In the act of measurement, it is postulated, the wave function of a system can change suddenly and discontinuously. False starts. Many overlook a crucial step in the lean start-up process: researching customer needs before testing products. Like Triangulate, an online dating start-up, they keep rushing to ... Sep 15, 2013 · The State of Michigan also bears some blame. Lansing politicians reduced Detroit’s state-shared revenue by 48% from 1998 to 2012, withholding $172 million from the city, according to state records. The Industrial Revolution in Britain propelled the first wave of globalization Image: WikipediaThe share of value added in construction as a percentage in GDP also increases as per capita GDP increases. The share of the valued added in construction as a percentage to GDP was found to be around 3–5% for developing countries and 5–8% for more developed countries over the period of 1955–1965 (Turin, 1969).Nearly 30 million American adults have some degree of hearing loss. 1 The prevalence of hearing loss varies with age; at least 25 percent of patients between 51 and 65 years of age, and more than ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like In _________ nations, the cost of fish is cheaper compared to meat and poultry., Which of the following technological advances has aided the global collapse of fisheries? A) steam engines B) flash freezing C) trawler ships D) All of the above., True or False: Increased human demand for fish has contributed to the collapse of ...The concept of tipping points was introduced by the IPCC 20 years ago, but then it was thought they would only occur if global warming reached 5°C. Recent IPCC assessments, however, suggested that tipping points could be reached between 1°C and 2°C of warming. Here are the major climate tipping points.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like In _________ nations, the cost of fish is cheaper compared to meat and poultry., Which of the following technological advances has aided the global collapse of fisheries? A) steam engines B) flash freezing C) trawler ships D) All of the above., True or False: Increased human demand for fish has contributed to the collapse of ... The demand curve in Figure 3.1 “A Demand Schedule and a Demand Curve” shows the prices and quantities of coffee demanded that are given in the demand schedule. At point A, for example, we see that 25 million pounds of coffee per month are demanded at a price of $6 per pound.These passages in the Constitution made which of the following statements true at that time? Only gold coins were accepted. In the 20th century, the Soviet Union collapsed because its command-and-control economy couldn't keep up with the West's free market. In the 21st century, the same fate will befall companies whose CEOs [chief executive ... collapsed. Unemployment in OECD countries has surged, while in countries without social security schemes, the downturn has threatened to push millions into poverty. Many – but by no means all – developing and emerging economies felt the deleterious effects of the US recession by the end of 2008. The typical outcome was a growth deceleration .